American Fall Apart

Kevin Nguyen Professor Dulaney English 122 October 8, 2012 Will America Collapse? Did you ever stop to think though the richest country in the world, the United States, known to be the country where all dreams come true; it seems like over the generations it has fallen apart? I mean come on now we don’t even have to open the news to know that this world is falling apart, yet we sit in our own confusion as to why our own country is in despair.Despite being one of the most successful countries in the world we struggle to be one of the best due to individual struggles and needs, as we strive for more individualistic freedoms, we limit our strive to become a better country as a whole. When we look at a country as a whole what better idea than to target the head of state, the government for all the problems that we face in the United States. Yes we can say that most of our problems has a correlation with the government but as a whole country, everyone contributes to this idea of a capitalist society just by being a part of it.Because many of our United States citizens have learnt to work the capitalist system, we’ve as humans learnt how to be selfish not caring for others desires, and most other’s needs. We’ve somehow forgot what it means to be righteous, and have been influenced by society that feeding for ourselves is what will get you through. Through our actions, we have become a cold generation, and desirable one, like the economist just like author Anthony Burgess says, the United States, known to be the country where all dreams come true, seems like over the generations it has fallen apart.When we look at a country as a whole, there is no better target to blame than the government and denunciate them straight away for our downfall. Yes we can say that most of it has to do with the government but as a whole country, everyone is at fault and they just look for ways to pass it off as, â€Å"How is it my fault? † it’s the presidents fault for not fixing all our problems he’s the leader and he’s not doing a good job otherwise we would be become more successful as a country rather than decline.Despite the fact that America is still one of the best places to live due to financial opportunities and freedom, if United States continues its course that it is going on America is doom to fall in the future due to our people not being united under the same cause. Individualism and freedoms will become the ultimate downfall to this glorious nation. â€Å"Is America Falling Apart? † an essay by Anthony Burgess critiques the United States.Burges, a British citizen lived in New Jersey a year in the 1970s while being a visiting professor at Princeton University and expressed his opinion of what is wrong with America. Anthony Burgess wrote â€Å"Is America Falling Apart? † to highlight the faults of America with the hope that America would change rather than disintegrate. The central the me of his essay was that America was too individualistic and would benefit from giving up some of that individualism in order to be a healthier society. Where private ownership prevails, public amenities decay or are prevented from coming into being† (Burgess 287). His view of American individualism and how America needs to change is warped by his limited experience of large metropolitan areas and believing those experiences gave him an understanding of America. Burgess claims that Americans are finally realizing that obtaining goods is not the primary goal of life. I agree on his statement that America is focusing too much on individual needs and destroys others by striving to heights on their own.I truly believe that if America gave up some freedom and sacrificed some of it for the whole country we can benefit a lot in our society and we can continue to be one of the most successful countries in the world. Burgess also states, â€Å"America, the world’s biggest consu mer is the world’s biggest polluter,† using examples such as the Los Angeles smog and the tons of garbage Americans produce. Besides having terrible schools and government, Burgess wants the United States to have a more socialist view on our government just like Britain or Canada.Although he is highly critical of America, he wants to return there because of its importance in the world’s future. Many may argue that Burgess’ analysis of the United States is mostly wrong, but is the trouble not being caused by our very own citizens? One may argue that Americans are not greedy but are the most generous people on Earth. Americans are known for charity and not just through government programs. But having these charity programs do not outweigh the poverty the other countries face. As an American, I believe we do have a problem with the consumerism and pollution to the extent that he claims.Although, there is pollution in the United States, many people would compa re it to China however despite China’s pollution problem, their population as a whole country more than doubles our United States population. The United States individual ecological footprint for individual citizens outweighs an individual that lives in China. Burgess has concluded with some solutions that may fix our problems here in the United States and although many of our citizens may not like it, it seems like a very viable option.Burgess proposed more socialism as the solution for America (291). The dilemma is that when the government becomes involved in any area of life, freedoms are taken away. For example, Vietnam is perfect examples in which the choices we made were very much socialistic. Although the Vietnam War was a very controversial topic, the fact that our country united under the draft helped to fight for one cause, and again although it may not have been the best idea, nonetheless it did unite us and made us as a country stronger to fight in the war.Many ma y argue that freedom is what made this country the great place that it is and the pursuit of one’s individual happiness is never a bad thing so why strip such great roots. Although I agree that I also love my freedoms to do what I want where I want very much, I do not like the idea of letting a thousand suffer just for my individual freedoms, if I had my freedoms striped away tomorrow in exchange for others people prospering so be it. As long as all those who suffer without anything that are living on the streets get proper living conditions.For example, I was at the gas station the other day and this lady came up to me begging for help, begging for her life and I see all the suffering she has gone through with her cold eyes and her rotting teeth and bad hygiene. While I was standing there listening to her story all that came into my head was I have so much more in my life than this lady and why does she deserve to suffer so much and sleep on the street while I go home to a n ice warm house. Was it just the matter of luck being born in the right place at the right time into the right family?So the idea of America being individualistic creates a big gap in society, the rich, the middle class, and poverty. This will make America as a whole crumble more as we get more homeless and poor people every day and help is out of their reach. Although at first the idea of socialism is completely denied by a lot of United States citizen’s, there are many cases in which Socialism works and does not interfere so much in one’s life. I wanted to experience what living conditions were like first hand by talking to someone who actually lived in one of the top communist countries today, China. Well, I grew up in China and I kind of had a really happy childhood. My family was alright with enough money for luxuries and stuff, and there are a lot of people so I was never bored and had so many friends to play with. It was a happy life. Though one thing was when yo u enter adulthood things start to get stressful especially from work, but otherwise it’s a good life (She Smiles) just cause there are many people to hang around and chat with yeah and not many racism issues since everyone is the same so there were less hatred, and don’t listen to other people about china being communist and bad, they’re idiots that have never been there†.After talking to her I got the vibe that she favors the communist government and she thinks nothing wrong of it and judging by her tone of voice she loved life in China. After she tells me this I push on to ask her would you rather live in a free nation like the United States or would you rather return to Communist China? She replies again that it is not as bad as many people make it out to be and that understands that China does what it does to benefit the whole country so she wouldn’t mind, in the end she said she would rather live in China just because she is more comfortable th ere.Analyzing our conversation, I realized that it just depends on the type of environment you are born in and in China everyone should be born as equals and therefore China there is less individual strive to be better and therefore no competition which ultimately leaves no pain and suffering anybody has to face. Political arguments about the justice of economic inequality in America do not challenge these basic assumptions. From the republican view the argument is that the race or pursuit of happiness is indeed fair; the poor have failed to take advantage of the opportunities offered to them and to everyone else and so deserve their poverty.The argument from the democrats is the reverse; the playing field is not level, therefore those players who fail are not at fault and should be helped to achieve equality. In the article â€Å"How Capitalism differs from Socialism† the author Rosemary Peavler states that â€Å"Capitalist economies are money-driven without much regard for people unless they are owners or shareholders of business firms. In a capitalist economy, there is fierce competition and, perhaps, unfair competition†.This so called fierce competition will make the rich become even richer while the poor become poorer and it will also create tension and dispute among people. Both sides accept without debate a cultural belief inherited from getting their views influenced by their peers as they are growing up, however ultimately many people believe that to seriously escape poverty they must really strive for it, if you are the lazy type that does not strive for a better tomorrow then many claim they do not deserve aid.But eventually it all leads back to that idea of individualism and the needs that a person requires, it’s just a never ending struggle for individual dominance which will lead to then fall of America with this selfish mindset intact. Personally I support the democratic view in society and I very much agree that not everyon e is granted the equal opportunity to life as some were born into poverty and they cannot do anything to prevent that.The republican argument will probably use people that rose from rags to riches but what are the chances that majority of the people living in poverty rise to riches, it is highly unlikely. Therefore we I agree with the democratic view of more government interaction (Socialism) rather than more individualism to unite the country and strive for a better nation as a whole, â€Å"Through government, we should do together what we cannot do as well for ourselves† (Abraham Lincoln). Many may argue that we fought so hard to achieve this level of freedom and opportunity why would you want to just throw it all away?I believe that all the freedom and opportunities were bestowed on us to help the people live a better life and we did back then when the poverty line was relatively low, however nowadays the same freedom and opportunities are restricting a lot of the people t herefore I believe it some of it should be stripped to help those in needs because I at the end of the day believe that America does not completely stand for freedom and opportunity but it stands for helping people in their time of need. There will always be a never ending debate about how do we reach the next level?How do we strive for a better future? How do we prevent ourselves from repeating the horrible things in the past? How do we keep America from falling apart? Although there may not be one right answer, I truly believe that having more socialistic ideas implanted in America can truly give that wiggle room to achieve higher greatness then where we are now. In the end our nation will never truly prosper if we do not unite as a country as a whole and neglect our individual needs more and think about all those who are less fortunate than us. If we become more considerate and sacrifice our eeds for others we can truly become the great nation we were once again. A great presiden t once said: â€Å"Ask not what your country can do for you but what you can do for your country†. * John F. Kennedy Note to Dulaney I decided to choose this topic because this particular subject always interested me and I myself believed that America isn’t what it used to be and it is falling apart. When I did some research I was amazed with what I found and it made me think deeply about the so what if America is a capitalist society and my views have changed drastically.Although so people may call me a communist now, I truly believe that socialism works better than capitalism. Capitalism is a greedy form of government and I now see clearly why the rich just get richer while the poor get poorer. The gap is only getting bigger as the days go by and I often get scared of the thought of our society just collapsing one day into the Great Depression, Riots, War etc. All these are results of having capitalist society. By having a socialist government, they shall keep the pe ace and maintain everything and everyone but however I would still protest if the things they did were uncalled for.But most choices they make should make sense as the make choices for the population as a whole. Bibliography Burgess, Anthony. â€Å"Is America Falling Apart. † The Norton Reader. Ed. Linda Peterson, John Bereton, Joseph Bizup, Anne Fernald, & Melissa Goldthwaite. 13th ed. Ner York; W. W. Norton & company, 2012. 295-304. Print Pleaver, Rosemary. â€Å"How capitalism and Socialism Differ†. Website http://bizfinance. about. com/od/smallbusinessissues/qt/CapvsSoc. htm

Issues of Corrections Essay

Take a deeper look into corrections, it seems like a tightly held ship. Yet, the people, funding, and politics are what keep it running. From the judges who hand down the sentence, to the officers themselves who deal with the inmates on a daily basis. Corrections were not always held in the manner they are today, it is something that shape shifted throughout the centuries. It wasn’t all rehabilitation and reform, it was more mocking in the town square, torture and death sentence. In a quote from (Ch. 2.5 Punishment in the 20th century). â€Å"In fact, investigations from the late 19th to the early 20th century consistently found excessive corporal punishment and widespread corruption in prisons across a number of states. Punishments such as hanging by the thumbs; whippings; beatings; water tortures; solitary confinement in cramped, dark dungeons; and starvation diets of bread and water were commonplace. These punishments and general prison conditions harkened back to the cruelty of the pre-prison days in medieval society.† (Stojkovia & Lovell, 2013). The age of reform were said to be during the first two decades of the 20th century, the progressive era brought an end to corporal punishment. Classification, normalization, education and vocational training were all being used within the corrections system. They started to, in a sense treat the prisoners like actual human beings. By the 80’s the get tough movement came in, which was more of a punitive approach to corrections than a rehabilitative one. The gangs were coming into focus, creating destruction where ever they wanted to. They were growing by the dozens, pulling in young teens, claiming to be their family. They were responsible for murder, robbery, sexual assault and drug  possession and sailing. With this get tough, and three strikes you’re out law, the prisons began to over crowd. With a quote from (Get-tough stance not helping Ohio prison population). â€Å"Advocates argue that adopting these policies will allow the state to roll back its prison population to where it was in 2007. If that happens, they estimate the state will save $62 million in corrections costs over four years. †¦ Ohio needs to abandon the expensive fiction that locking up offenders indiscriminately makes us safer. It needs to end the revolving-door system that imprisons low-level criminals briefly, then puts them back on the street without treatment or supervision. It needs to develop coherent probation policies.† (The Toledo Blade, 2011). Huge amounts of funding go in to every prison, but what about the people? The warden, the officers, medical staff, and therapist have to supply a key functional facility. Most of the inmates are murders, yet the staff must treat them with respect and give them their rights. The have to keep the environment safe for themselves and other inmates. Let’s not forget the probation officers as well, they must keep on top of their cases as well. When trying to keep someone from entry prison or re-enter society after doing time, these people have a tough job. In this quote from the (American Correctional Association). â€Å"We cannot truly expect to have any control of a solution if we do not accept responsibility for the problem. Corrections professionals have begun to embrace that concept. Although we understand that offenders must take responsibility for their lives, we also understand that we can no longer just shrug our shoulders at their failures. The people that come out of our prisons, jails, community programs and out from under our supervision are our product, and we have to take some responsibility for the quality of that product. This philosophy, as much as anything, has helped change the way we do what we do. It has given us the motivation to succeed at what we do, sometimes in spite of the offenders.† (ACA, ND). Not only do they want to run a tight ship they see the prisoners as a product of their work. They must do the best they can, go above and beyond  the correctional and political approach, and be there for the inmates in every way possible. This is a very large stretch since about 85% of Americas prisons are over populated and understaffed. Funding comes from the tax payers, so the warden and everyone else on the correctional board must decipher how to handle the money, and which keys elements to invest in. In (Ch. 6.3 Management Issues for Administrators). â€Å"Consider the development of a policy, such as the organization’s budget, the resultant of a set of decisions concerning the allocation of its financial resources. Inside the organization, in its internal environment, everyone will be affected, and many will take an interest in attempting to influence the budget decision process.† (Stojkovic & Lovell, 2013). Why is it so important to keep a tightly ran ship? Because believe it or not prisoners have rights. Many may disagree and say they do not deserve this, they forfeit their rights once they made the decision to do whatever got them in trouble. Yes they deserve to have certain privileges taken away, but also need to be treated as a human being with potential mental problems. Even though they are detained, every American citizen has a right to the constitutional laws. Habeas Corpus, Due Process, and civil rights. In (Ch. 3.1 Correctional Law: Fundamental Concerns). It high lights these rights, â€Å"Prior to being entitled to either due process or substantive rights, prisoners had to be given legal status and access to the courts. So long as prisoners were considered â€Å"slaves of the state,† they could not enjoy any right to due process, let alone any substantive rights. This premise was initially stated in the case of Ruffin v. Commonwealth (1872). (Stojkovic & Lovell, 2013). Due process, â€Å"The second basic concern of significance to prisoners is that of due process.†The Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution prohibit government from depriving persons of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, even after these persons have been convicted of crimes† (Pelegrin & Braby, 1999, p. 2). (Stojkovic & Lovell, 2013). Civil Rights, â€Å"Civil rights are guaranteed by the Constitution and the supporting federal legislation. Among other civil rights, inmates have rights such as these: to be free from sexual crimes, including sexual harassment; to have adequate medical and mental health care; to complain about prison conditions and voice concerns about the treatment received; and, in the case of prisoners with disabilities, to assert claims under the Americans with Disabilities Act (Findlaw, 2012). (Stojkovic & Lovell, 2013). The warden and officers cannot just throw someone in a cell, and not give them adequate care. If a prisoner feels their rights have been neglected, the officers must take a statement from them, or give them the information of who to report the matter to. If the inmate has any medical issues such as asthma or diabetes, they must routine medical checkups. Once a prisoner has done their time, or is close to finishing, the prison must get them ready for re-entering society. This is no easy step, it takes many classes and counseling sessions. These inmates have to adapt to the outside world all over again, they must find a job, and conduct themselves in a respectful law abiding manner. This is where the prison takes on a more rehabilitative role rather than a purely punitive one. Some inmates may need more than others, everyone is different. The staff must be trained, have all the supply’s needed, and must also be pre-pared to defend themselves if need be. Probation officer especially must be extremely careful, can you imagine the intensity they must feel when they must meet with some purely disturbed and violent people being released. Do they feel threatened or scared for their own life if the person does not comply, and must go back? Many say that probation is a waste of time, yet it does have its uses. When jails are overcrowding, this is a way to reduce it, and also much cheaper than actually housing a prisoner. In (Ch. 8.1 Defining Probation). â€Å"Conceptually, the term â€Å"probation† refers to â€Å"the release to the community of a person convicted of a crime so long as there is compliance with certain conditions of good behavior under the supervision of a probation officer†Ã‚  (Statsky, 1985, p. 604; Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2011). Probation is considered a community sentence. The probationer, the person on probation, is kept in the community and placed under certain restrictions, monitored by a community corrections agent, who is typically referred to as a probation agent. In practice, probation may closely resemble this definition, or may depart from it to a rather significant extent. (Stojkovic & Lovell, 2013). It is not meant for everyone, and many abuse the chance that they are given, but it is good for the people who really deserve it, some people need a wakeup call in life, and sometimes probation is it. In an Article called (A Review of probation Home Visit: What do we Know?). â€Å"HOME VISITS ARE an important yet understudied component of probation. Historically a cornerstone of probation (Lindner, 1992a), home visits provide an opportunity for probation officers to have quality contact with a client in his or her personal environment. This type of less formal interaction between offenders and their assigned officers serves not only to monitor behavior and compliance with the case plan but also to provide often-needed direction towards treatment and social services. Furthermore, though time consuming (see DeMichele, 2007), these visits allow the probation officer additional opportunities to act as a positive role model (see Braswell, 1989). Although home visits are seen as a critical tool employed by probation officers, recent evidence demonstrates that home visits are rarely conducted (see Jalbert, Rhodes, Flygare, & Kane, 2010), even for high-risk offenders who might benefit from them the most. (Ahlin, Lobo, Joao, & Carbone, 2013). There also, home monitoring system, ankle bracelets and alcohol censors. The technology that has expanded the alternatives to jail are widely used now. With these on the offender may not leave their house, unless for school or work. If it is a violation involving alcohol, then the sensor will know when the person has been drinking and alert the police. Is this rehabilitative, or is it just putting a band aid on the situation? Community corrections is another alternative, it brings the offender out into society, doing community service. Basically the offender is working off  their fines or other lesser sentence. It is hard work that will hopefully restructure the offender in some ways. Court ordered therapy and drug court, is another alternative. The person must pee in a cup every week or else back to jail. Group home for juveniles or others offenders that are being released and have no appropriate residence may go into these tightly run homes. They must adhere to the group homes rules and regulations or they are out on the street. I will close out with my own personal alternative, religion plays a key role in someone’s life. Get the inmates in touch with their local, Priest, Pastor, Rabbi and watch it, albeit slowly turn these offenders around. My church currently helps those recently released get back into society, by showing no judgment for their crimes, they say hey we are going to help you get past the mistakes and live a better life, with go in your life all things are possible. Whatever religion, it is a positive influence that many of these offenders probably never had. References: Ahlin, Eileen, Atunes, Joao, & Carbone, (2013). A Review of Probation Home Visits: What do We Know? Federal probation, 000149128, Vol. 77, Issue 3. American Correctional Association,. (2006). The Evolution of Correctional Programs Southeastern Correctional Institution, Ohio. NewsBank,. (2011). Get-tough stance not helping Ohio prison population. Vera Institute of Justice,. (2013). The Potential of Community Corrections to Improve Safety and Reduce Incarceration. Stojkovic, S., & Lovell, R. (2013). Corrections: An Introduction. San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

The Human Rights dimensions of International Petroleum Transactions Article

The Human Rights dimensions of International Petroleum Transactions - Article Example t importantly, the other day companies operating in countries with unpleasant governments had to face tough time because of non-governmental organizations that endanger their most inestimable assets, their good reputation1. The ignorance of human rights’ responsibilities by the multinational companies around the globe in general and the multinational companies specifically operating in unattractive areas are vulnerable to the print and electronic media and nongovernmental organizations. If we study the latest Human Rights Report, it is clear that it indicates the positive role of MNCs in reducing the human rights violations to some extent. However, it was felt that more effort needs to be made to satisfy the cited Medias (print and electronic media) and the NGOs2. Now the international companies realized that business and protection of human beings is necessary to create conducive environment to carry on their businesses. The following publications may provide the readers an insight of corporate responsibilities of International Companies towards protection of human rights in their area of operations: a) Corporations and Human Rights, b) Crackdown in the Niger Delta, c) Human Rights Violations In Nigerias Oil Producing Region, d) The Price Of Oil: Corporate Responsibility and Human Rights Violations in Nigerias Oil Producing Communities and e) The Enron Corporation: Corporate Complicity in Human Rights Violations3. The year 1994 is remembered for a longer period in the history of oil and gas in view of the execution of KEN Saro Wiwa and other human rights’ activists by the Nigerian regime. Soon after the said incident, Shell came under immense pressure and scrutiny of international human rights’ groups and the press. Initially the top notch of Shell denied their hands in executing mentioned human rights activists. Later on, it compelled Shell responsible officials to sit with the Human Rights Groups of United Kingdom to revisit their inhuman rights

Proper Planning and Pupil-Teacher Relationships are Fundamental in Essay

Proper Planning and Pupil-Teacher Relationships are Fundamental in Good Teaching - Essay Example Good teaching is a practice, it is an act and it is a process that requires utmost diligence, dedication and talent to enable the children understand the complexity of the information being passed by the teacher. It is considered as an act of generosity, a craft that grows through continued practice and expose and a risk that individuals in this profession have to take to deliver to the kids. It cannot be considered as a blanket technique or even technical knowledge for it comes from the integrity of the teacher and his/her dedication. A good teacher also develops greater relation with the subjects to enable him/her create a better environment that encourages teaching and the dissemination of knowledge. The chemistry developed between good teachers with his students enables him/her to understand that one approach that may be considered highly effective is highly ineffective on other students. In saying this, alludes to the fact that good education lights fire and keeps every student attentive in one class while it leaves the other class extinguished and bored. It is worth appreciating that the daily interaction between a teacher and a student in class lays the foundation for effective personalized learning environment that allows one on one delivery of knowledge to the students within the different contexts that they are raised in. In this paper, good teaching and its values to pupils shall be critically evaluated in the context of a primary school to explain how good teaching influences teacher-students relationships (Lin, and Gronlund, 2000). The process of curriculum development in line with good teaching practice will also be evaluated in line with how the process of planning and implementing teaching modules can be done (Rust, 2002). Teaching gives a way of creating space to the community to integrate and practice truth in our midst and this stems from the guiding abilities of good teachings. Good teaching should thus seek to provide enough bases upon whic h a student can use to learn to speak and listen in the community of truth. It thus enables us to understand that truth is not in conclusion as in the process of conversation but that it must be observed in the processes of conversation. Good teaching does not just cover the process of information delivery but also involves the processes of planning, designing and skilfully delivering the learning materials to the students in an environment that allows them to understand. Instincts are also critical in good teaching process for it enables a teacher to instinctively understand the different needs of the pupils and device appropriate delivery methods that suits the special needs (Schwartz & Webb, 2002). A good teaching process must thus begin with an inclusive question to develop a better establishment of the course content and elevate the level of challenge on the pupils. Theories, values, policies and issues on teacher-pupil relationship Good teaching cannot be highlighted without m entioning good teacher pupil relationship in the class set up. The moment of interaction between a child and the teacher provides a great opportunity to develop an interactive positive relationship that shall create basis for good teaching and learning environment. The process of building good positive relationship can adopt a number of methods such as the development of good listening skills when talking to the children, maintaining eye contact with them to enhance the process of confidence building and developing a one-on-one interactive sessions with the pupils (Roblyer, Edwards and Havriluk, 2003).

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Discussion - Assignment Example Covering such cases ensures that people understand their vulnerability to stalkers thus acting appropriately to protect themselves from such criminals. The coverage of the woman who entered a man’s house illegally portrays the lack luster attitude the society adopts in addressing such crimes despite their importance and the danger they present. The two websites weird News and Mail Online are blogs that do not enjoy any immense traffic. The mainstream media avoided the story thus leaving it for gutter press and blog both of which thrive on sensational reporting. Such media write adopt an entertaining angle to a story instead of informing their target audience. The society must therefore change its attitude and strive to enhance security by observing the dynamic structure of insecurity in the society. Stalking from jilted lovers always turn harmful owing to the emotions that arise from such engagements (Dobbert, 2004). The woman in both cases risked her life and nearly died. She did not only cause harm to herself but also threatened the life of her victim since no one understood her intentions for seeking the illegal entry int o the

Is the private sector creating sustainable housing developments within Dissertation

Is the private sector creating sustainable housing developments within the UK - Dissertation Example Various methods are also employed to determine the needed approach for sustainability including Wackernagel and Rees’ (1996) ecological footprint which measures the given area’s sustainability with the total goods, services, energy and land which it consumes as appropriated against its carrying capacity. Two models have been proposed by Whitehead (2011) based on the priority: balanced and hierarchical. The balanced sustainability model proposes for an equal treatment and role of the ecological, social and economic forces whereas the hierarchical proposes a strong priority on ecological forces as followed by social and lastly economic (Appendix A & B). The issue on sustainability stemmed from the realisation that the natural environment is easily exploited for consumption benefits but great economic output does not always relate to possible restoration of the degraded ecosystem back to its original condition (Ayres, van den Bergh and Gowdy, 1998). When notable changes to the natural environment as well as the devastating effects of production and consumption from climate change to loss of biodiversity, and failure to meet basic human needs were realised, the debate on sustainability began. ... The good news was that UK was not alone in this lack of solid action with sustainability as other major post-industrial countries also exhibit failed initiatives (Hobson, 2004). Importance of the UK private housing industry: private/public accounts for ...percentage The UK Housing Social housing in the United Kingdom is characterised by private funding of housing associations mediated and guided by appropriate government agencies. It is further described by Oxley (1998) as facing many challenges including the low income of tenants relying mainly on state benefits; macroeconomic reasons led to reduced government support; continued pressure to reduce public spending on housing; substantial backlog of housing repair and maintenance work by council; and a high demand for more social housing (673). The most apparent view was that there were affordability and investment problems as the government encouraged private finance and not-for-profit organisations to become Registered Social Landlo rds. Local authority housing was transferred into owner-occupation and to housing associations or organisations wherein companies are formed from a local authority to newly created organisation which owns and manages housing at â€Å"arms length† from the local authority (674). In 1981, 28% of English housing stock was managed by local authorities but this has since decreased since 1988 when the government shifted role from housing providers to strategic enablers. By 1994, only 18% of the housing stock remained under local authority and council house building reduced to only one per cent by 1994. This was a result of the housing investment programmes or HIPs of the government. It reviews bids for the use of resources as well as permits borrowing

Student's Post Week 8 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Student's Post Week 8 - Research Paper Example erstanding diversity through understanding concepts of cultural sensitivity and cultural intelligence would be a more comprehensive and general approach to adapting leadership styles in any diversified environment. Cultural sensitivity will for example allow you to detect a difference or a barrier without external assistance or force, and cultural intelligence will allow you to comprehend best practices in new cultural set ups (Kreitner, 2008). I have read your post and understood your perspective about leading in a diversified environment. You identify communication, together with knowledge, motivation, and flexibility as essential elements to leadership in a cross-cultural environment but do not develop a strategy for implementing the elements towards effective leadership in international, cultural, and ethical issues. I believe that you should have explained how you would use these elements in leadership. You could have for example explained an approach to developing cross cultural communication competence such as learning interpersonal and cross-cultural communication skills towards leadership in diversified set ups. I also think that your post focused on personal narration than on strategies to competent leadership in international, cultural, and ethical issues (DuBrin,

I attaced all information below.(file) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

I attaced all information below.(file) - Essay Example As such, this article discusses community from the perspective of a nation-state. The second article evaluates the notion of power and its influence on individuals as they move up the organizational ladder. The article contradicts the suggestions of the 16th century philosopher, Machiavelli, who suggested that a leader should prefer dominance and fear to love in the course of attaining eminence. The third article suggests that property rights in America have diminished people’s freedom. Using the arguments of Rousseau over issues such as property rights and individuality, the article’s author highlights the fact that these rights have enhanced people’s greed thereby diminishing the good for the society (i.e., a nation-state). Aristotle was a firm believer in democracy and maintained that a nation was supposed to based on a constitution that catered to the aspirations of the middle classes. In his philosophical work titled ‘Politics’, Aristotle says the following about democracy (Aristotle, 1977): Thus, social justice according to Aristotle was applicable to all peoples who were unqualifiedly equal. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), which was passed in 2010, is an attempt in this direction by the Obama administration at delivering healthcare to poor and middle-class Americans (especially those without adequate medical insurance) and ensuring that more funds are allocated towards providing universal healthcare. Jonah Lehrer compares the recent events in Hewlett Packard with regards to the downfall of its CEO (Chief Executive Officer) against the principles suggested by Machiavelli on leadership and observes that his teachings do not find any place in the modern context. In today’s organizational structures where a single person no longer holds absolute power, the author found that

The strength of opposition to impact the New Deal in the period 1933-1937 Essay Example for Free

The strength of opposition to impact the New Deal in the period 1933-1937 Essay The New Deal had serious competition, which was fundamental towards the New Deal particularly in the period of 1933-1937 in numerous ways. There were alternatives which factored towards helping the economy providing radical yet simplistic reforms, several pressure groups also hindered the success of the New Deal, it was scrutinized by both sides of the political spectrum where Hugh Brogan claims the Left for not doing enough1 this is true, certain left wing activists such as Francis Townsend2, Father Coughlin3 and Huey Long4 did not enhance their potential to cause everlasting impact. He also claims the right for doing too much5 this can be interpreted differently, but I partially agree that the Liberty League tried to prevent the success of the New Deal as business leaders were not going to help him6 this suggests the Right aimed to hinder rather than help the New Deal. The strength of opposition had potential to cause serious impact, this varied as some more than others contributed. It is unclear how opposition enforced certain policies, but they certainly cause change to some extent, where many were able to prosper, as it was clear that society needs reform7. Politically there was enough opposition to create severe importance however there were also other schemes that contributed to impacting the New Deal, but I believe due to the New Deals success in the beginning created no opportunity for oppositional groups to contribute any significance, no matter how strong they were to influence the New Deal. From the Left, many activists had their own ideologies and beliefs, many like Huey Long, Francis Townsend and Father Coughlin believed the New Deal were not going far enough which Coughlin envisaged, yet he initially stated the New Deal is Christs Deal8 however he turned against the New Deal because Roosevelt failed to carry on his radical reforms, which should not be underestimated as Roosevelt was afraid of Coughlins influence9 his sheer strength alone was enough to cause change, he had influenced 40 million Americans listening to his radio sermons, this was more popular than FDRs fireside chats10 his significance was minor however he did prove to be a threat, but It is evident that Coughlin could not of done much to impact the New Deal because it seems his polices were vague11 his inconsistency of ideologies proved to be his downfall, when attacking the New Deal he believed it was a communist conspiracy, yet he too fought for similar polices which I believe worsened his credibilit y, overall his authority and strength did impact the economy, his significance undoubtedly was there yet lost popularity consequently losing his radio program, but he was too radical to have any importance towards the New Deal his radical style seemed to alienate his audience12 this again was another reason why he could not generate enough support to overwhelm the New Deal, numerous historians such as . Evidently Townsend was different from conventional opponents of the New Deal, he wanted to improve the New Deal13 this was successful as he implemented many ways that prolonged the New Deal becoming more effective. Clearly suggests that Townsends ideas influenced Roosevelts thinking of the New Deal14 Pennington believed that Townsend proved to be beneficial, similar to Coughlin he too had support of 5 million members, but in my view he was inadequate, yes he helped pass through the Social Security Act, which incorporated the Old Age Revolving Pensions however it was not received by elderly people15 which undermines his impact of the New Deal. His significance is questionable, but he provided alternatives that contributed towards helping the economy. Lastly from the left, and definitely perceived to be the biggest threat to the New Deal was Huey Long, like Coughlin was an early supporter of the New Deal16, he was otherwise known as the Kingfish17 who consisted the characteristics of intelligent, avaricious and cynical18 he too was a strident critic19 of the New Deal, he pinpointed certain aspects which help provide solutions towards the economy. He proved to be influential which his Share Our Wealth Scheme showing creative methods of financing public works in Louisiana20 I believe it is considered to appeal to mainly the poor, but Roosevelt acknowledged this, I assume Roosevelt used Longs ideas compared to Townsend and Coughlin as he proved that policies actually worked thus most of his policies would have been employed in the New Deal. However he too seemed inadequate, as, he was not offered a federal post21 which suggests his contribution to the New Deal would have been minute. His significance in Louisiana was successful however it is questionable if his ideas would be embraced on a national level; I firmly believe his policies would not have been favorable, as it is evident because the 1936 election provided a strong belief in capitalism with 27 million Americans behind Roosevelt also it was suggested that it was highly improbable22 that he would of beaten Roosevelt in 1936 election this highlights his weaknesses when facing the New Deal, was not able to generate enough support which was also another problem with many opponents of the New Deal. Certainly from the Left they had much in common23 they all disliked Roosevelt, this was stated by Badger which I to some extent agree yet it is deemed that they all addressed the real problems and the real Deals failings which supports the assertion of opposition being beneficial, highlighting the failures of the New Deal, clearly Roosevelt would have been aware of this, it is thought of the Left advocating simple solutions24 however their solutions did not bring the results25, it was possible for Long to Capitalize support from Coughlin and Townsend, crushing Roosevelt and the New Deal the picture source26 strengthens Badgers assertion that the New Deal was often flawed because of the cost but as the New Deal provided many Left wing polices, it only enhanced the New Deal evidently showing more organisation and impact covering most aspects of America thus shunning any credit from opposition, it is evidently shown resulting from the second New Deal with the Social Security Act, Rural electrification27 and also National Labour Relations Act consequently quietening opposition of the New Deal. It is clear that they were too radical to go beyond the New Deal; it must also be considered that the New Deal created 6 million Jobs, yet 11 million were still unemployed, this was where the Left incorporated their radical views, yet they were often flawed which prevented their success. The Left did have more significance compared to the right as certain movements and parties helped the New Deal in many aspects, which Clements pinpointed Governor Floyd B Olson of Minnesota, led the Farmer-Labour Party introducing many radical economic reforms but similar to Long, they both died which their policies died with them as well. Picture Source 128 portrays Roosevelts success of the New Deal by focusing on the forgotten man, where he utters Yes, You Remembered Me29 this clearly indicates all opposition were all insufficient to help, clearly his success preventing opposition to generate any momentum to play down the New Deal, also Amity Shales suggests opposition proved shrill and marginal he also claims that from the Liberty League to Father Coughlin proved to have no such impact, but I believe he underestimated the potential that they created, they could of generated a superior strength, during the period of political change, during a period where Hitler was able to be dictator of Germany, opposition, especially from the Left could easily of overhauled Roosevelt and the New Deal. Certainly there were creative ways of tackling the Depression; however the New Deal was superior during a time of confusion and despair. The New Deal from face value looked turn things around, and certainly they provided stability and prosperity. Establishing authority in which opposition found hard to compete with. All opposition clearly impacted the New Deal in some way, but I truly believe that the Republican Party proved to be the biggest threat of all, as they created different ways of restraining the new Deal success, they also link with the Supreme Court surprisingly the most significant opposition came within Roosevelts government, as it was mostly dominated by republican judges, they were striking down some of the New Deals Measures30 they clearly impacted the New Deal, however unlike the Left it did not necessarily benefit New Dealers, it can be seen as restraining the success of the New Deal as they declared 11 out of 16 of the alphabet agencies were unconstitutional31. Roosevelt believed the Supreme Court hindered rather than help the New Deal, Roosevelt tried to use a notion of court packing32 where judges over 70 should retire, however this backfired, arguably worsening his reputation, which reflected towards the New Deal badly, also considered to be the darkest moment33 of FDRs campaign, yet it is suggested that Roosevelt responded with compromise34 based on the context of the supreme court it clearly shows no compromise towards the Republican judges but its impact is shown however their contribution was . Roosevelt did handle his opponents effectively, it is claimed that FDR would take the fire out of opposing arguments35 by cooperation, which he successfully did with Townsend and Long, however there were times where he failed to understand the strength of opposition when it comes towards the Supreme Court, he was ambitious to limit their power however he did underestimate the strength In which they condemned Roosevelts actions. The strongest opposition from the Left would be Huey Long, yet from the right it would be the Liberty League, In conclusion opposition to the New Deal was significant; they demonstrated a variety of alternatives which challenged the New Deal. Both sides of opposition certainly contributed to influence the New Deal, but I believe Bibliography 1) Kathryn Cooper 2) Anthony Badger 3) Clements 4) The Roosevelts Presence 5) Joanne de Pennington 6) The New Deal-Americas Response to the New Deal 7) The USA 1917-45 Doug and Susan Willoughby 8) Franklin D Roosevelt Profiles in Power Patrick Renshaw 9) The presidency of Franklin D Roosevelt by George Mc Jimsey 10) The forgotten Man- Amity Shlaes-picture source 11) The survival of Democracy Alonzo L Hamby 12) The Limits of Liberty- American History 13) Hugh Brogan, The penguin History of the United States of America 14) Chris Rone AQA history USA 15) The FDR years On Roosevelt and his Legacy. 1 Hugh Brogan The penguin History Of United History of United States America p560 2 Francis Townsend focused on boosting the economy by raising pensions over 60s 3 Charles Coughlin a Canadian priest who broadcasted popular sermons 4 Huey Long, Governor of Louisiana, Launched Share Our Wealth Campaign 5 Hugh Brogan The penguin History Of United History of United States America p560 6 Hugh Brogan The penguin History Of United History of United States America p560 7 Joanne de Pennington p128-129 8 Susan and Doug Willoughby p139 9 Peter Clements prosperity Depression and the New Deal the USA 1890-1954 p146-150 10 Susan and Doug Willoughby p139 11 The Era of Franklin D.Roosevelt, 1932-1945: A Brief History with Documents 12 http://www.dtman.com/steve_private/school/newdeal.htm 13 Susan and Doug Willoughby p139 14 Joanne de Pennington p128-129 15 Susan and Doug Willoughby p139 16 http://www.dtman.com/steve_private/school/newdeal.htm 17 He was called the Kingfish from the radio show of Amos and Andy 18 The survival of Democracy-Alonzo L. Hamby FDR and the world in crisis p262-263 19 The survival of Democracy-Alonzo L. Hamby FDR and the world in crisis p262-263 20 http://www.dtman.com/steve_private/school/newdeal.htm 21 http://www.dtman.com/steve_private/school/newdeal.htm 22 http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/New_Deal_opposition.htm 23 Anthony Badger The New Deal p292-294 24 Anthony Badger The New Deal p292-294 25 Anthony Badger The New Deal p292-294 26 http://resources.dynamic-learning.co.uk/Titles/MWH_2/e2de78b5-0012-4643-933a-ef 27 Joanne De Penningtonp128-129 28 The Forgotten Man- Amity Shales Picture Source 29 The Forgotten Man- Amity Shales Picture Source 30 Limits of Liberty American History 1607-1980 p462-463 31 http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/New_Deal_opposition.htm 32 http://www.dtman.com/steve_private/school/newdeal.htm 33 http://www.dtman.com/steve_private/school/newdeal.htm 34 http://www.dtman.com/steve_private/school/newdeal.htm 35 http://www.dtman.com/steve_private/school/newdeal.htm

The Power Of China And The Shang Dynasty History Essay

The Power Of China And The Shang Dynasty History Essay As we know it today, China has been one of the most powerful countries in the world. Early China is much different from what we know to be the Republic of China. Before becoming one giant country, China was divided into many kingdoms settled along the Yellow and Yangtze rivers. With origins dating back well over five thousand years, historians have been able to uncover facts about the Chinese dynasties to as early as 1700 B.C. Artifacts such as animal bones, turtle shells, and bronze weapons with messages written on them are a few items that show existence of the people that lived there. These oracle bones are said to be the earliest form of written records, showing subsistence of an era to be known as the Shang Dynasty. The Shang Dynasty, known to be the longest ran dynasty in the history of China, has been noted to have been ruled by at least 31 emperors. Each king, chosen based on hereditary, simultaneously acts as priests that serve as the connection between their people to the spirit world. As the religious leader the kings were responsible for making animal sacrifices and interpreting messages that were written on oracle bones prepared by divine followers. The writings on the oracle bones show evidence that the Chinese had a strong belief in supernatural forces. In fact, the meaning of the oracle bones was to communicate with the gods. After exposing the bones to fire the Chinese would inscribe questions and concerns on the matters of the world. During the Shang dynasty China was classified as an agricultural society. One major issue during the Shang dynasty was their association with war and combat. With the discovery of the new technology of horse-drawn carriages, it has been noted that these tactics were what aided their rise in power in northern China. After many years of ruling the Shang dynasty was overthrown by a powerful young state later to be known as the Zhou dynasty. The Zhou embraced the political system of the previous dynasty, but made a few changes. The Zhou continued to practice the Shangs idea of dividing the kingdom into different regions in which king selected officials managed. As the Zhous establishment began to expand began to create organizations that were responsible for the overlook of education, law, and even public works. Much like the Shang, the Zhou people believed in a close relationship between the king and the gods of heaven. To represent the overthrown of the Shang, the Zhou people created the idea of the mandate of heaven which would also be adopted by many succeeding dynasties. The mandate of heaven explains that the heavens give the power to kings to keep rule over society as long as he does it to please the gods and protect the interest of his people. But if the gods were not pleased in the way the king ruled, the mandate would be taken away from him. Thus resulting in his overthrowing and replacement by a new ruler that accepted heavens mandate. The idea of the mandate of heaven was closely associated with the reason of the Zhous triumph over the Shang dynasty, and also becoming the structure of following Chinese tradition. The decline of the Zhou dynasty started to become evident around the sixth century. As the power of the central government began to weaken, conflicts between different principalities began to escalate. At the expense of the king, his governing officials power began to climb as they began to regulate the local economy. By creating government monopolies and imposing taxes on key resources such as salt and iron. During the last couple centuries of the Zhou dynasty, the authority of its king started to become minimal. Several of the smaller areas of the Zhou kingdom began to divide and evolve into powerful states which created a potential threat to the then Zhou emperor. At first, the rivalries were calm but by the end of the end of the fifth century the bitter jealousy sparked into civil war. This time period is what to be known as the Period of the Warring States. With new methods of warfare emerging such as the invention of iron weapons and crossbows along with introduction of foot soldiers and cavalry, the states feuded with each other over control of the empire with no regards to the authority of the Zhou court. With the advantage of a strong defensive position in the mountains, the state of Chin easily conquered their main rivals through invasion or tactful maneuvering. In 221 B.C. the Chinas first genuinely unified government was established. The reason of triumph of the Chin over its neighboring states has been heavily associated with the character of its fearless ruler, Shi Huang Ti. Ti strongly believed in unity and peace of the empire over the violence and chaos of the previous dynasties. In efforts to end the philosophical ideology of feudalism embraced by the Zhou, Ti adopted the ideas of legalism. Those who opposed Tis idea of legalism were punished, even sometimes executed. Even books that contradicted the concept of legalism were burned. To fuel his efforts Ti began to strip the lords of their power, giving them no governing authority and also preventing them from having their own military force. Instead of having many different armies Ti brought the idea unifying these militaries to make one strong force. Many fundamental and political advancements were birthed under the legalistic theory, most of them survived throughout the Chin Empire served as standard for future dynasties. Very unlike the Zhou, the Chins centralized government was divided into 3 le vels of primary ministries: civil and military authorities and a censorate, whose purpose was to investigate the effectiveness of officials throughout the system. Under the central government were two levels of administration: provinces and counties. Also unlike the Zhou system, officials did not inherit their positions but are appointed by the court and subject to dismissal at the emperor will. The Chin dynastys totalitarianism based government also consisted of a penal code that was strictly enforced. Punishments for wrongdoers were usually subject to fines or taken to prisons and forced to do convict labor. With the convict labor of about a half million prisoners the Chins building program flourished. Many of Chinas historic landmarks were built during their rein such as the Great Wall of China which stretched more than 1,500 miles, the Grand Canal which links the Yellow and Yangtze rivers, tombs and also 16 palaces. The Chin Empire quickly began to fall after the death of its em peror in 210 B.C. After the disappreance of the Chin the idea absolute rule of Chinese society would be viewed as betrayal of the new humanistic principles. But on the other hand the Chin system, although somewhat extreme, was a successful answer to a large, complex society.